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1177 CE - Treaty of Windsor is abrogated
by Larry Chamberlin
John is made Lord of Ireland. Henry goes back on his word to the Ard Rí, and turns the Normans loose on Ireland. He gives Cork and Limerick to Norman barons with the proviso that they must take it to have it.
In council with his barons at Oxford, Henry gives the lordship of Ireland to his son, John, a boy of nine. Ireland now becomes the battleground of Norman adventurers, both as invading forces and as Norman rivals against each other.
Sources:
Oxford History of Ireland, ed. R. F. Foster, Oxford University Press, ©1989, ISBN 0-19-285271-X
A History of Ireland, Peter & Fiona Somerset Fry, Rutledge, ©1988 & Barnes & Noble [reprint] 1993, ISBN: 1-56619-215-3
Chronicles of the Celts, Iain Zaczek, Collins & Brown, London, ©1996, ISBN: 1-85585-407-4
The Geraldines, an Experiment in Irish Government, 1169 - 1601, Brian Fitzgerald, The Devin-Adair Company, New York, 1952; Staples Printers Ltd., Rochester, Kent, ©1951
The World of the Celts, Simon James, Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1993, ISBN 0-500-0567-8
The People of Ireland, ed. Patrick Loughery, New Amsterdam Books, N.Y., ©1989, ISBN: 0-941533-55-7
***The Celts, Jean Markale (orig. publ. as "Les Celts et la Civilsation Celtique" by Payot, Paris, 1976; U.S. ed. publ. by Inner Traditions, Rochester, Vermont, 1993, ISBN: 0-89281-413-6)
AUTHOR'S NOTE: *** = These tracts deal with mythical legends and historical events, without clearly distinguishing between the two. Markale, while presenting the historical texts of the contemporary writers in great detail and with a fine critical analysis, nonetheless includes events from Irish legend without properly disclaiming their authenticity. Despite this shortcoming, if one is cautious enough to note the sources, the books is excellent.
prepared by Larry Chamberlin
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