1057 CE Malcolm III - Malcolm Canmore

by D. Charles Bettis

Malcolm III (Malcolm Canmore), d. 1093, was king of Scotland from 1057-1093. He was the son of Duncan I and successor to Macbeth. It took him several years after Macbeth's death to regain the boundaries of his father's kingdom. Around 1068, Edgar Atheling, pretender to the English throne, took refuge with Malcolm, who soon after married Edgar's sister Margaret, (Saint Margaret of Scotland). On behalf of Edgar, Malcolm invaded northern England, but in 1072 William I of England invaded Scotland, and Malcolm made peace with him. During the reign of William II, Edgar joined Malcolm in his raid into England in 1091, but William forced both men to submit and pay homage. Malcolm III was killed at Alnwick in still another raid into Northumbria in 1093. His frequent wars insured the independence of his kingdom, which made possible the great ecclesiastical reorganization initiated by his wife Margaret. Four of Malcolm's sons were kings of Scotland. His daughter Matilda married Henry I of England, and another daughter was the mother of the wife of King Stephen of England.

Sources:

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Columbia University Press, (c)1935, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1946, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1963, 1964, 1967, 1968

prepared by D. Charles Bettis

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